Social networks are discussing a particularly dangerous "American" type B flu, which supposedly has already come to Russia and will be worse than the coronavirus. Schools and kindergartens are indeed massively quarantined. Pediatrician Vladimir Yagodkin explains what is happening and whether it is worth starting to panic now.
What is this American flu B that everyone is talking about on social media?
It is rather a myth, another urban legend. This year, traditionally, as in the past and the year before last - yes, I think, and in the next one - influenza A will prevail in Russia. Type B is found, but much less often was confirmed by tests.
The concept of "American flu" does not exist at all: it is the same all over the world. Each outbreak differs from the previous one in its mutation, nothing more. It is impossible to predict how much stronger or weaker it will be.
What is the difference between influenza A and B?
Type A influenza is more common, it is more pandemic and causes more serious complications than influenza B. Moreover, the clinic for both types is almost the same, just virus A is much more powerful.
It is said that this year in children the flu is often complicated by pneumonia. This is true?
Pneumonia as a whole in terms of the frequency of complications of influenza takes first place. At risk are those who already had two or three pneumonia before that, the elderly, people with immunodeficiency. The rest of pneumonia as a complication after the flu happens infrequently, this year is no exception.
How to distinguish flu from SARS?
With acute respiratory viral infections, we primarily observe an abundance of mucus that is separated from the nose, a wet cough, while the temperature may or may not be.
Influenza is always a high temperature (it can rise up to 40 degrees). Moreover, it can occur almost without catarrhal phenomena (snot, cough, sore throat, etc.), but, as a rule, with severe aching joints, muscle pain.
With ARVI, taking antipyretics brings relief, with influenza it is only very insignificant.
To diagnose influenza for sure, it is better to do an express test at the first suspicious symptoms - such tests are sold in pharmacies and at home show the presence of both types of influenza, A and B.
How to treat flu?
As a rule, treatment does not differ from ARVI treatment: we observe bed rest and drinking, we take anti-inflammatory, antipyretic drugs based on ibuprofen or paracetamol in accordance with the instructions, be sure to see a doctor.
Do you need antiviral drinks?
There is an active discussion in this regard. Medicines based on the antiviral drug oseltamivir (in Russia it is Tamiflu) have already been banned in some European countries. And in the United States, by contrast, a new drug of this type has recently been released. In general, there are currently no definite recommendations for the use of oseltamivir. To use it or not in your specific case, only a doctor can decide, it’s definitely not worth it to self-medicate.
How to act at a very high temperature with flu?
Flu is indeed characterized by high fever. And many in this situation are tempted to exceed the dosage of antipyretic drugs. But this cannot be done.
Whatever the temperature, medications should be given strictly by weight or age (depending on whether we give the medicine to an adult or a child), no more and no less
Plus, do not forget about physical cooling methods: rubbing the body with water, light shower at room temperature.
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If an hour after the antipyretic and physical cooling, the temperature does not drop even by a degree, you must call an ambulance and tell the dispatcher what was done to lower the temperature.
Does the flu have an incubation period? Is it possible to get infected from a person without signs of illness?
No laboratory-proven incubation period has been detected in influenza (such as chicken pox). But in general, it is believed that it is about three days. Whether you get infected from its carrier or not depends on the resistance of your immunity and the strain of the influenza virus that prevails this season in the country.
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Is it possible to somehow strengthen the immune system during the epidemic?
There are no ready-made solutions for this. Hardening, adhering to the daily routine, proper nutrition, physical activity - all this is not prescribed by the doctor, this is everyone’s personal choice. Ideally, a healthy lifestyle should always be carried out, and not only in the autumn-winter period. On occasion, such measures are unlikely to be effective.
What else can be done to avoid getting the flu?
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Standard recommendations: try not to be in crowded places unnecessarily; After visiting public places, do not neglect personal hygiene: wash your hands, rinse your nose, and treat work surfaces (phone, computer). But the main measure of flu prevention is vaccination.
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Is the flu virus not terrible for those who have been vaccinated? Or is there any chance of getting sick?
Vaccination is carried out against both types of influenza virus and, according to international statistics, reduces the risk of infection by 95–98%. My personal statistics confirm this: over the past three months I have been diagnosing influenza in about three to four patients.
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